Privacy protection in cyberspace: challenges and impacts of the General Data Protection Law in Brazil

Abstract

This article analyzes the effectiveness of the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) in ensuring the right to privacy in cyberspace. The objective is to investigate whether current Brazilian legislation is sufficient to address the challenges posed by rapid digitalization and the growing collection of personal data. A qualitative and descriptive methodology is used, through bibliographic review, comparative normative analysis, and case studies of data breaches. The results show that although the LGPD represents significant progress in data protection, it still faces practical barriers, such as the population's lack of awareness about their rights, technical challenges for companies, and structural limitations in the performance of the National Data Protection Authority (ANPD). The study also highlights the importance of digital education and international cooperation as strategies to complement the legislation. It concludes that the LGPD is an essential tool but requires constant updates, institutional strengthening, and integrated public policies to effectively ensure privacy and security in the digital environment.